Ethanol Proposal Essay - 981 Words

Ethanol Proposal Purpose As the number toxin spewing cars rises, pollution has presented itself as a major problem in urban areas. There have been many solutions presented to help solve this problem, but few have been widely accepted by the general public. I believe the pollution problem is one that cannot be solved in one big step, but in smaller steps. I see Ethanol use as one of those steps. The intention of this proposal is to recommend an approach that would lead to widespread use of ethanol. Background Concern about air quality has been around for years. Emissions have long since been a contributing factor to air pollution. Ethanol didnt get its first real big push until the federal Clean Air Acts of 1990. These acts†¦show more content†¦The petroleum industry has long been independent on other countries for oil. We have been lucky enough to live in a time of peace for most of our lives. But as we found out with the gulf war, relations between the U.S. and the Middle East are sometimes shaky. The Persian Gulf area is where two-thirds of the world?s known oil reserves are located. The Persian Gulf is also one the most politically volatile areas in the world. Over sixty-one percent of the oil used by transportation vehicles must be imported from outside the U.S. (Renewable Fuels Association, 1999) Oil consumption in the U.S. is not expected to slow down unless something is done. In fact, oil consumption is expected to rise over twenty percent by the year 2015. Most Americans feel that there is a need to become less dependant on other countries for oil. Eight out of ten voters feel that this dependence is a threat to our economy. Seven out of ten feel that our environment problem related to petroleum combustion should be a major concern. (Ethanol Industry Outlook, 1998) Sitting on only 3% of the world?s reserves while using 25% of the world?s oil, nothing could be more short-sighted than for Americans to abandon the incentives for producing transportation fuel from sustainable sources. Such as abandonment would entrust the future of our energy supplies, and of key aspects of our security, to the potpourri of psychopathic predators, such asShow MoreRelated Pollution and Environment Essay - Modest Proposal for Methanol and Ethanol Power1416 Words   |  6 PagesA Modest Proposal for Methanol and Ethanol Powered Cars      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   We need more stringent regulations on car emissions... Lets add MTBE to the fuel- that will reduce pollution... If people would just stop driving so much, pollution wouldnt be so bad... People have long recognized the problems with the gasoline we used now.   We have tried everything from putting regulations on emissions, to putting additives in the gasoline (only to discover later that MTBE got into the groundwater), to campaignsRead More Growth for the Future: Biofuels Essay2818 Words   |  12 Pageslargest producer of corn and a leading agricultural state, may have the solution to the problems caused by the enormous burden of gasoline and diesel powered engines, biofuel. Biofuels coming out of Iowa include biodiesel, a diesel fuel additive, and ethanol, a gasoline additive. Both are locally produced products that reduce domestic dependence on volatile foreign oil prices, decrease polluting emissions and stimulate the local economy. Every internal combustion engine is built the same. It is composedRead MoreDried Malunggay (Moringa Oleifera) Leaves in Ethanol Production6983 Words   |  28 PagesMALUNGGAY (Moringa oleifera) LEAVES IN ETHANOL PRODUCTION A Research Proposal Presented to Carmona National High School Special Science Curriculum In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Research I Proponents: Catangay, Jhantal A. Gicana, Emchie Elaine R. Marasigan, Jan Ian B. Natividad, Abigail Jacinthe B. Viaje, Kyrinne Kate M. Zara, Hazel Jane Muriel C. March 2012 CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND We all know that ethanol or ethyl alcohol has a very good contributionRead MoreThe Sustainability Of Biofuels Throughout Latin America1223 Words   |  5 Pagespresently in production in LA are bioethanol and biodiesel. Bioethanol is utilized as a substitution for petrol and biodiesel is utilized as a trade for diesel. Fuel ethanol production in LA is mainly based in Brazil, Colombia and Paraguay. The fuel ethanol industry of Central America is at a premature stage, while in Bolivia and Mexico fuel ethanol production is simply starting with the development of a few plants. Biodiesel markets are simply developing in Latin America. Argentina and Columbia haveRead MoreThe Advent Of Industrialized Civilization Essay1718 Words   |  7 Pagesgreenhouse gases in our atmosphere, and consequently current research is being done to create a more environmental friendly gas product for our nations cars; this product is of course ethanol. Ethanol is a high octane, liquid, domestic and renewable fuel produced by the fermentation of plant sugars. In the United States, ethanol is typically produced from corn and other grain products, although in the future it may be economically produced from other biomass resources such as agricultural and forestry wastesRead MoreGas Prices in the United States1257 Words   |  5 Pagesreality of higher and higher gasoline prices, Zhang and colleges suggest that the continuing development of ethanol could mitigate these financial issues at the pump. In order to reduce fuel volatility the authors suggest †¦increasing the percentage of Brazilian and U.S. ethanol used in the U.S. fuel market (Zhang, 1221). One way to assure that Brazilian ethanol is truly cheaper than American ethanol is to †¦eliminate the 54 cents a gallon import tariff which the U.S. Senate tried to do when SenatorRead MoreAdvantages and Limitations of the Kyoto Protocol1404 Words   |  6 Pagesgreenhouse gases in our atmosphere, and consequently current research is being done to create a more environmental friendly gas product for our nations cars; this product is of course ethanol. Ethanol is a high octane, liquid, domestic and renewable fuel produced by the fermentation of plant sugars. In the United States, ethanol is typically produced from corn and other grain products, although in the future it may be economically produced from other biomass resources such as agricultural and forestry wastesRead MoreEssay on Proposal to Save the Environment1423 Words   |  6 PagesProposal to Save the Environment Ever since Ford put out the first main line production car, there has been a market for gasoline. Since then, the automobile has made a humongous impact on the United States, as well as the entire world. This new invention allowed the average citizen to commute to work without the hassle of mass transit and horses. However, with this new supply of automobiles came the demand for the fuel they required to run. It was not known back then that the consumptionRead MoreThe Effect Of Ethanol On The Concentration Of Ethanol1675 Words   |  7 PagesMichaelis Menten Graph of Ethanol (pH 9.0) Representing the Velocity versus Substrate Concentration. Different concentrations of ethanol were used, and the absorbance reading taken through enzyme kinetics. The velocity was calculated through the conversion of the slope of the data points to abs/min. K_m was found to be 5.76Ãâ€"ã€â€"10ã€â€"^(-3) M, V_max 1.71Ãâ€"ã€â€"10ã€â€"^(-3) M/min, K_cat 2.85Ãâ€"ã€â€"10ã€â€"^(-2) ã €â€"minã€â€"^(-1), and K_cat/K_m 4.94 ã€â€"minã€â€"^(-1) M^(-1). Figure 5 - Michaelis Menten Graph of Ethanol (pH 7.2) RepresentingRead MoreThe Trash Problem at Savannah State University1030 Words   |  4 Pagesmore environmentally safe. The program encourages recycling in communities, schools and work place. Through this proposal I plan to implement the program â€Å"Let’s Go Green† at Savannah State University. This program would challenge the faculty, students and the university itself to implement eco-friendly activities into day to day operations or everyday lives. Argument With this proposal I hope the change the way that the university thinks about recycling, energy reduction, and water conservation

Analysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s Writing - 1561 Words

Humberto Orozco Mahoney 1102 MW 10:50 11/22/2015 E.A.P Edgar Allan Poe is famous for writing short stories that are themed particularly around death and the macabre. His writing includes horrific scenes with gruesome deaths and murders. Poe’s style of writing is very much on a podium of its own. He was a brilliant writer for his time period. His wicked works continue to grab the attention of readers with his dark and scary form of writing. His short stories are typical of describing the twisted events that led up to a murder. Some of his plots include a premature burial or the dismemberment of a body under the floorboards of a home. Adversity and mishap are two words that can greatly describe his short stories. Negativeness seemed to follow his literature, like a shadow, but he seemed to embrace it well. He has allowed readers to explore their deepest and most malicious thoughts through his vivid way of expressing his dark ideas and thoughts onto paper. Poe wrote some of the darkest stories in American literature history. Readers will find evidence of Poe’s dark, horrendous short stories in his literary works like, â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado,† â€Å"The Black Cat,† â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†. â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† narrates the story of Montresor confessing, on his deathbed, a horrible murder he committed half a century ago while he was seeking revenge for what an old â€Å"friend† had done to him and his family. The crime itself is that of leaving a man, Fortunato, prematurely buried.Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s Writing Essay1493 Words   |  6 Pagessetting is. Take Edgar Allen Poe for example. He’s a creepy, twisted man so he wrote creepy, twisted stories. This could be because of his experiences throughout his life or that is just what he likes. ZZ Packer on the other hand writes normal stories. There is nothing dark or twisted about her. Each of these authors gives you a different visualization in each of their stories. Edgar Allan Poe had a difficult life. He was born in Boston and was the second son of Eliza and David Poe. He had a brotherRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s Writing874 Words   |  4 PagesAlabama reading and writing was not the most popular thing to do, it was just one of those things that people detest. Avondale was a place where life seems to have been sucked out, instead of grass mostly everybody had a yard full of dirt, there were gang symbols spray painted on nearly every wall/surface in sight, and everybody seemed to detest each other’s presence. It was just rough to grow up in Avondale, and the people that live in Avondale just did not see reading and writing as a skill or attributeRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s Writing2567 Words   |  11 Pagesthrough hardships in their life, whose work has changed the way people view literature. One of the most notable authors to take his heartbreak and tie it into his writing is Edgar Allan Poe. Like Poe, some fam ous authors give the readers a window to view inside their head and their life. By looking at Poe’s gothic and romantic writings, his audience can see characteristics of himself mingled in parts of different literary elements. Before jumping into assumptions, it is important to learn a littleRead MoreInfluence Of A Life By Richard Connell And Edgar Allan Poe1600 Words   |  7 PagesThe Influence of a Life Richard Connell and Edgar Allan Poe, two of the most famous authors at the time, are recognize by the different types of literature they wrote. Several of these pieces are still popular today. In many cases the life of the author can impact the different themes, or the techniques they use in their stories. Richard Connell’s and Edgar Allan Poe’s backgrounds reflects in the writing techniques they used to captivate their audience. Biography of Richard Connell The famous writerRead MoreThe Tortured Poet : Edgar Allan Poe1312 Words   |  6 PagesThe Tortured Poet: Edgar Allan Poe â€Å"Beauty is the sole legitimate province of the poem† Poe, Edgar Allan. The Philosophy of Composition. 1846. The name Poe often brings to mind tales of horror and mystery, but this Poe was also a writer of sophisticated poems, capable of extreme poetic beauty within a dark genre of writing. Poe never lived the happiest of lives, but his writing is extraordinary, both for its execution, and for the sheer elegance of the words which he found to write upon the pageRead MoreThe Father Of The Detective Story1593 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The Father of the Detective Story†: How Edgar Allan Poe Developed and Influenced the Detective Fiction Genre Edgar Allan Poe has become a household name in the literary world. His unique writing style has earned him much-deserved respect and recognition. Poe s poetry and short story oeuvre follows a consistent, melancholy theme of death and darkness that has captured and haunted readers for years (Baym, et al. 683). Perhaps his most legendary contribution to literature is his creation of theRead MoreThe Oval Portrait By Edgar Allan Poe1490 Words   |  6 Pages Edgar Allan Poe’s Short Stories Edgar Allan Poe is a much known author. He is known for writing dark and mysterious stories and poems. â€Å"His imaginative storytelling led to literary innovations, earning him the nickname Father of the Detective Story (Edgar Allan Poe Biography.com). When writing stories he wanted the readers to have that one emotion or feeling when reading his writing. Poe has very many stories he is known for two of those short stories being; â€Å"The Oval Portrait† and â€Å"The CaskRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s Writing Style1303 Words   |  6 Pagesprovince of the poem† Poe, Edgar Allan. The Philosophy of Composition. 1846. The name Poe often brings to mind tales of horror and mystery, but this Poe was also a writer of sophisticated poems, capable of extreme poetic beauty within a dark genre of writing. Poe never lived the happiest of lives, but his writing is extraordinary, both for its execution, and for the sheer elegance of the words which he found to write upon the page. Death is among one of the recurring themes which Poe explored. Dark andRead MoreBrianna Ruiz-Vannerson. Leonard Miller. Enc1102. Feb. 231548 Words   |  7 PagesMiller ENC1102 Feb. 23 2017 The Compelling Mind of Edgar Allan Poe Through: â€Å"Lenore† and â€Å"The Raven† Throughout the life of esteemed author Edgar Allan Poe, there have been many time that this extraordinary man’s life has been turned upside down with grief. His first encounter with this wretched demon was when he was no older than three years of age. The mother who birthed him dies and his father abandons them before her death (â€Å"Edgar Allan Poe†). He then is separated from his brother and sisterRead MoreWhy Should We Care?1748 Words   |  7 PagesWhy Should We Care?: Edgar Allan Poe â€Å"Few creatures of the night have captured [reader’s] imagination[s] like [Edgar Allan Poe]† (â€Å"Vampires†). Poe has fascinated the literary world since he first became known for writing in 1829, when he was just twenty years old (Chronology†). While he is widely known for exploring the macabre, his work is controversial because of its psychologically disturbing nature. Edgar Allan Poe is worth examining as an author because his many contributions to the literary

American Legal Theory Of Grammatological †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the American Legal Theory Of Grammatological. Answer: The main argument in the article focuses on the American legal theory. The author indicates that the American Legal theory fails to discuss the problems as well as the grammatology. The article provides a philological critique based on the language used in law (Goodrich 2033). The creative thinker Goodrich also adds to the argument that the grammatological approach impacts the new media advances in technology (DiNitto, Diana and David 10). The article concludes that the grammatological technique to study the law within videosphere is important. The article relates to the topic the transmission of politics since it responds to the question concerning the impacts of the contemporary technological changes regarding politics. Therefore, I will use the article in the final essay to review the legal transmission of politics. The source will help in familiarizing with the main mechanisms of the legal transmission of politics such as the visual media. The main argument in the article regards the contours of the modern politics. Various case studies are examined in the article, and they explore the self-governing potential of certain diversity within the organizations which include the hospitals in various countries such as South Africa (Cornwall, Andrea and Vera 5). The author argues that the participatory sphere needs expansion to extend the practices of democracy through equity and efficacy of the publi8c policies. The article relates to the topic the transmission of politics since it explores various developmental and democratic spaces from the allocation of resources within the organization to other associations. Therefore, I will use the source in the final essay to review the political subjectivities and new political actors within the participatory arena. Through the organizational renovation, it is clear that the gap between the technical and legal apparatus still exists and the citizens are not included in the participation of the transmission of politics (Funk, Carolyn et al 805). This article will help me to understand how the gap between the legal and technical tools can be minimized. The main argument in the article focuses on the reevaluation of characters and the consequences which arise through the political socialization in the family context. The author indicates that parents influenced the youths during the 1990s politically. The outcome was expected based on the theory of social learning since children adopt traits from their parents (Jervis 20). Therefore, in the case of political orientations, the parents were significant elements expected to transmit politics to their children (Jennings, Laura and Jake 783). The article focuses on the direct transmission model which portrays controls from the parent to the child. This article relates to the topic transmission of politics since parents are seen as the agents of politics transmission to their children within the family context. The source will be helpful in the final essay since it will help me discuss the early acquisition of the parental traits and how it impacts the development of young adults in the political context. Works Cited Cornwall, Andrea, and Vera Schatten Coelho, eds. Spaces for change?: the politics of citizen participation in new democratic arenas. Vol. 4. Zed Books, 2007. DiNitto, Diana M., and David H. Johnson. Social welfare: Politics and public policy. Pearson, 2015. Funk, Carolyn L., et al. "Genetic and environmental transmission of political orientations." Political Psychology 34.6 (2013): 805-819. Goodrich, Peter. "Europe in America: Grammatology, legal studies, and the politics of transmission." Columbia Law Review (2001): 2033-2084. Jennings, M. Kent, Laura Stoker, and Jake Bowers. "Politics across generations: Family transmission reexamined." The Journal of Politics 71.3 (2009): 782-799. Jervis, Robert. Perception and misperception in international politics. Princeton University Press, 2017.

Global and International Business Contexts

Question: Discuss about the Global and International Business Contexts. Answer: Introduction This assignment is about analyzing the condition of Pakistani Soft drinks industry, as Kraft Foods Group is looking for new business opportunities overseas. In order to do that, it is required to find out the opportunities and challenges of the Pakistani market. For this reason, Porters diamond model is applied as the theoretical framework. There are various determinants of Porters diamond model that help to critically analyze the Pakistani soft drink industry. In the second part of the assignment, the advantages, appropriateness and limitations of foreign direct investment (FDI) as the entry strategy to the market of Pakistan has been provided. Porters Diamond analysis on Pakistans cold drinks industry Mirza and Javed (2013) mentioned that Porters Diamond Model is used whenever a certain company or industry wants expand its business. It has been found that Porters Diamond model has four broad determinants that can help a company to get competitive advantage. They are such as factor conditions, demand conditions, related and supporting industry and the firm strategy structure and rivalry. In addition, Saleem et al. (2013) stated that, there are two more dominants that can influence the four determinants of porters diamond model. They are such as intervention of government and the chance of events. There is a figure given below to describe the Porters Diamond model. Figure 1: Porters Diamond model (Source: created by research) Factor condition The factors condition includes physical resources, human resources and knowledge sources. Al these aspects have been discussed below: Physical resources Pakistan is a country enriched with different physical resources. It includes quality, cost and accessibility of nations land, minerals, water and other available physical traits (Malik Zaman, 2013). In order to invest in the soft drink industry of Pakistan, Kraft Foods Group needs to analyze the accessibility and cost of land. It has been found that most of the FB restaurants, soft drink factories and fast food restaurants are located near Lahore, Islamabad (Capital) and Karachi (Malik et al., 2013). Hence, buying or renting lands early in these locations can help the company to gain competitive advantage in the Pakistani market. Human resources As of 2014, the population of Pakistan is approximately 187 million (Tufail Batool, 2013). With a growing middle class, the country is ranked as the most populated country in the world. Mirza and Javed (2013) stated that, Pakistan is an attractive destination for beverage industry due to the low cost of labor and high demand of service. However, Shaheen et al. (2013) argued that there are certain challenges a company might has to face in this country. They are such as changing skill requirement, total quality management, changing skill requirement and employee involvement. Hence, in order to improve the condition, Pakistan has to upgrade and improve the HR department. Knowledge resources Yu et al. (2013) stated that, middle class industry of Pakistan provides significant emphasis on education. It is a significant determinant that cam improve national competitiveness of the country. For the soft drinks industry, a quarter of the total population of the country can be represented as potential market (Tufail Batool, 2013). It will create more job opportunities and increase the requirement of trained industry professionals. Demand condition The demand of condition include various factors such as demand of soft drink industry in Pakistan, increase of middle class market in Pakistan and home demand condition. Demand of the soft drink industry Khilji (2013) stated that, there are certain factors like price is inversely related with the demand of soft drink. With the increase of price the demand of soft drinks increases. In addition, different lifestyle of people and their different taste about the products have also affected the demand of soft drink in Pakistan. Maqbool et al. (2013) stated that people of Pakistan are becoming busier that has increased desire of convenience food takeaways. This factor has surprisingly increased the demand of soft drinks in Pakistan (Malik Zaman, 2013). The increase of middle class market in Pakistan The country has a population of approximately 180 million, with an increasing middle class market. Maqbool et al. (2013) suggested that quarter of the population of the country represents the potential market for the fast food and beverage due to the increase of affordability. According to Shaheen et al. (2013), the increasing demand of international fast food chains like McDonalds and KFC has significant contribution in the improved demand of soft drinks purchased. Home demand composition Khilji (2013) stated that characteristics of the home demand have played a significant role in the soft drink business of Pakistan. It can help to gain competitive advantage in the market. There are various notable assets that have contribution in the home demand of Pakistan. They are such as level of customers satisfaction and sophistication, services and features and quality of products (Yu et al., 2013). A normal cold drink buyer in Pakistan considers all these aspects when a buying a product from a certain company. Hence, considering all these points while expanding business in Pakistan, can help Kraft Foods Group to gain sustainable advantage in the market. Related and supporting Industries Bottling company According to Malik et al. (2013), bottle manufacturing companies are the commercial enterprises that produce the output of bottling beverage for the purpose of soft drink distribution. Saleem et al. (2013) stated that the availability of bottling manufacturing organization as the supporting industry can help to increase competitiveness of the soft drink company in the market of Pakistan. Kanwal and Nadeem (2013) mentioned that, it can help to increase competitiveness of the company with the help of perceived committed value provided to all the stakeholders. Ahmad and Bashir (2013) stated that there are various bottling industries in Pakistan that are franchisees of companies like PepsiCo and Coca Cola. Naubahar Bottling Franchise is one of them. Hence, in order to gain competitive advantage in the market of Pakistan, Kraft Foods Group has developed partnership with a bottle manufacturing company. On the other hand, the company has mainly targeted youth population as demographic segme ntation (Callen et al., 2013). It helped the company to increase its productivity and market share in Pakistani soft drinks industry. Firm strategy, structure and Rivalry Kanwal and Nadeem (2013) stated that, this dimension of the Porters diamond model indicates the condition that can govern how certain industries or business are created, managed and organized. It also provides the major principles of domestic rivalry. Haroon et al. (2013) stated that, in order to gain competitive advantage in Pakistan, a company has to implement favorable management practices and organizational models of Pakistan. The management of the organization also has to set objectives accordingly. It has been found that most of the middle level customers of Pakistan have started to emphasize on product quality, features and service, while purchasing a certain product. In addition, local soft drink companies of Pakistan have increased their competitiveness by means of expanding firms market and by means of overseas selling. For this reason, Kraft Foods Group has to continually innovate and upgrade its competitive edge to meet the higher standards related with product quality, f eatures and services. Saqib et al. (2013) stated that, soft drink industry of Pakistan is majorly dominated by two brands. They are like PesiCo and Coca-Cola. It has been found that the company PesiCo has entered the market of Pakistan by using franchising strategy (Ahmad and Mahmood, 2013). The company had targeted a broad segment of customers and developed a diversified product line. It helped the company to grab a majority of the market share of Pakistan (Haroon et al., 2013). The company has saved huge amount of taxes with the help of franchising entry mode. It helped the company to emphasize on advertising and promotion and increase sales profit (Callen et al., 2013). Ahmad and Bashir (2013) stated that, depending on the chosen market scenario, the product strategy of the company has to has to follow the segmentation criteria while entering the market of Pakistan. In order to generate a significant amount of profit, certain characteristics have to be achieved (Saqib et al., 2013). They are such as substantiality, measurability and accessibility. For example, The Company Ice Cola used different process of segmentation to market its product in Pakistan. They are such as demographic segmentation, geographic segmentation and psychographic segmentation. Ahmad and Mahmood (2013) stated that, geographically, the company has targeted its products for most of the major cities of Pakistan like Karachi and Lahore. Government Pakistans government has a very significant role in influencing four market determinants, which are factor conditions, demand conditions, firm strategy as well as related and supporting industries. The policies and legislations of the Pakistans government have the capability to promote or restrict the growth of the Pakistani soft drink industry. Kraft Foods Group also depends on the governments intention to enhance the infrastructure so that they can attain competitive advantage in the global market (Mehtab, 2015). Taxation in soft drinks production: It is expected by the economic scholars that the retail value sales of the soft drinks in Pakistan to be increased in the forecasted period. It is assumed that unlike other industries the Pakistani soft drink industry will face a tremendous amount of issues. It has been observed that the sales of the Pakistans beverage industry experienced a remarkable 37% growth to 172 billion rupees in the year of 2013 (Saqib, Masnoon Rafique, 2013). However, the government imposed greater capacity tax on the soft drinks industry of Pakistan causing extra pressure on the domestic companies. Development schemes of infrastructure: Just like every other nation, the growth and development of the Pakistani business greatly depends on the infrastructure of Pakistan. The chance of robust investment immensely depends on the efficiency, affordability and strength of the infrastructure. In addition, the Pakistani infrastructure has faced enormous pressure due to rising growth of the Pakistani soft drinks industry. Although, government has identified the importance of infrastructure improvement, the level of defective infrastructure poses an immense threat to the economic growth. In order to expand and improve the infrastructure condition of Pakistan, the government has initiated advanced development policy Medium term development Framework (MDTF) (Haider et al., 2014). NRSP Engineers and local community members work together to identify, plan, execute and monitor physical infrastructure schemes. This process enhances the abilities of village residents to identify and plan projects and make the best uses of local resou rces. It also minimizes environmental impacts and ensures sustainability. Every scheme must benefit a wide range of recipients, be cost-effective and sustainable and have no adverse environmental impacts. Chance Chance plays a very influential role in addressing various business occurrences as well as events that lie beyond the control of organizations. It mostly depends on the respective condition on the basis of positive or negative influence of chance. The chance has a highly distinctive significance in the context of attaining competition edge in every industry including Pakistani soft drink industry. There are various notable external factors, which have greater influence in defining the competitive position of any soft drink company. For instance, Pakistans production cost can be considered as such influential factor (Mehtab, 2015). The abrupt hike in the production cost would definitely fluctuate the cost composite of the market position in Pakistans soft drink industry. At the same time, the lack of investment in RD sector can be considered as another factor of production cost. Te competitiveness of the industry is greatly depended on the sturdy support of the research and developmen t. On the other hand, the industrys competitive advantage has been noted to change with the rise of disruptive technologies in the industry. According to the latest report, it has been noticed that the chance of events for the soft drink industry in Pakistan has been quite favorable. It has been observed that the domestic demographic market has been inclined to consume soft drink in a increasing manner (Saqib, Masnoon Rafique, 2013). In contrast, chance of events regarding the transportation infrastructure has been limited. The rising software industry as well as complimentary geographic location as also supported in the expansion of Pakistani soft drink industry. Market entry strategy Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) offers a great opportunity to expand the market of any given company by investing in foreign countries. The foreign direct investment can be conducted in the form of business operation establishment as well as business assets acquirement in other countries (Saqib, Masnoon Rafique, 2013). There are various advantages as well as disadvantages of FDI in Pakistan, which is discussed below: Advantages, appropriateness and limitation of FDI in Pakistan: Pakistans market has huge potential considering its remarkable natural wealth and significant size of population. It offers a huge opportunity to increase the target market of Kraft Foods Group. Moreover, the purchasing power of the Pakistani citizens has increased in the recent years as the poverty level has decreased by 10%. The nations service and industry sectors have developed in a significant manner due to growth of its GDP in the past years. The allocation of the 50% of the countries budget has immensely encouraged the development of the Pakistans infrastructure and business condition (Mehtab, 2015). Pakistani government has initiated an impressive FDI attraction policy in the form of lucrative tax incentives, equal treatment of local and foreign investors as well as privatizations. It had been analyzed that Foreign Direct Investment in the country is increased by 2761.10 USD Million in 2016. Foreign Direct Investment in Pakistan averaged 2651.26 USD Million from 2010 until 20 16, reaching an all-time high of 3184.30 USD Million in 2010 and a record low of 2099.10 USD Million in 2012. There is graph given below to analyze the amount of FDI in Pakistan from 2010 to 2016. Figure 2: FDI in Pakistan from 2010 to 2016 (Source: Haider et al., 2014) Despite of these positive points Pakistans FDI volume has been continuously threatened various crucial factors. The domestic terrorist organizations as well as Talban and al-Quaida pose a greater threat to the western and American companies. In addition, the taxation system, international contracts as well as government procurement has seriously suffered from high level of corruption (Haider et al., 2014). Furthermore, even though the government is looking for speedy infrastructure development, the gap is quite severe to continue an attractive business operation. Suitable strategy for entering Pakistans market: There are multiple numbers of market entry strategies ranging from new venture to merger to acquisition to joint ventures in the context of foreign direct investment. However, joint venture would be more suitable for Kraft Foods Group as the joint venture will offer a significant background knowledge of Pakistans soft drink market. The joint venture would help the company to share the risks and benefits of the local company. The understanding of the local market and demographic perception would also help the company to gain a proper foothold in competitive foreign market. In the current context, Kraft Foods Groups must choose a domestic company that has considerable positive brand image in the Pakistans soft drink industry. Shezan International Limited would be most suitable partner in the joint venture in Pakistan. The most popular product of the company is Shezan Mango (Khan, Lee Lockshin, 2015). One of the most successful FDI in Pakistans soft drink industry has been performed by Coca Cola. The company started its foreign investment with the help of joint venture process. In the contemporary days, coca cola has been popular for its successful business operation in the soft drink market in Pakistan. Coca-Cola Beverages Pakistan Limited (CCBPL) began its operations on 26 May 1996 in Pakistan. Coca-Cola Beverages Private LTD (CCBPL) is a joint venture between Coca-Cola International, Fraser and Neeves Singapore and Package Ltd. Initially it acquired National Beverages LTD Karachi. After that, the company was acquired International Beverages LTD Hyderabad .In the year of 1996 Fraser and Neeves, a Singapore based bottler of Coke, bought off the local bottlers in Karachi. Not long after it went on to acquire the bottling plants in Hyderabad as well. Since then the company has made an impressive impact on the local market by increasing its availability as well as its volume share. Conclusion In this assignment, the condition of the soft drink industry of Pakistan has been analyzed for Kraft Foods Group. A theoretical framework named Porters Diamond model has been implemented in order to analysis the factors, demands, related industry required to expand its business in Pakistan. The condition of Pakistan government and chance of expanding business in this country has been analyzed as well. Depending on this analysis, the advantages, appropriateness and limitations of implementing FDI as entry strategy of Pakistan has been discussed as well. Some examples of FDI in the soft drink industry of Pakistan have been provided in this section as well. Reference list Ahmad, F., Bashir, T. (2013). Explanatory Power of Macroeconomic Variables as Determinants of Non-Performing Loans: Evidence form Pakistan.World Applied Sciences Journal,22(2), 243-255. Ahmad, K., Mahmood, H. (2013). Macroeconomic determinants of national savings revisited: A small open economy of Pakistan.World Applied Sciences Journal,21(1), 49-57. Callen, M. J., Gulzar, S., Hasanain, S. A., Khan, M. Y. (2013). The political economy of public employee absence: Experimental evidence from Pakistan. Haider, Z., Ahmad, N., Anwar, S., Iqbal, N. (2014). Impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on GDP: A Case study from Pakistan.International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (16), 73-80. Haroon, H. A. J. I. R. A., Waseem, A., Mahmood, Q. (2013). Treatment and reuse of wastewater from beverage industry.J Chem Soc Pak,35(1), 34-43. Kanwal, S., Nadeem, M. (2013). The impact of macroeconomic variables on the profitability of listed commercial banks in Pakistan.European Journal of Business and Social Sciences,2(9), 186-201. Khan, H., Lee, R., Lockshin, L. (2015). Localising the packaging of foreign food brands: a case of Muslim consumers in Pakistan.Journal of Product Brand Management,24(4), 386-398. Khilji, S. E. (2013). management in Pakistan.Human Resource Management in Developing Countries, 102. Malik, F., Gul, S., Khan, M. T., Rehman, S. U., Khan, M. (2013). Factors influencing corporate dividend payout decisions of financial and non-financial firms.Research Journal of Finance and Accounting,4(1), 35-46. Malik, Z., Zaman, K. (2013). Macroeconomic consequences of terrorism in Pakistan.Journal of Policy Modeling,35(6), 1103-1123. Maqbool, M. S., Mahmood, T., Sattar, A., Bhalli, M. N. (2013). Determinants of unemployment: Empirical evidences from Pakistan.Pakistan Economic and Social Review, 191-208. Mehtab, A. (2015). Determinants of Brand Association in FMCG Industry-A Case of Soft Drink Industry in Pakistan.The International Journal of Business Management,3(12), 295. Mirza, S. A., Javed, A. (2013). Determinants of financial performance of a firm: case of Pakistani Stock Market.Journal of economics and International Finance,5(2), 43. Saleem, F., Zafar, L., Rafique, B. (2013). Long run relationship between inflation and stock return: evidence from Pakistan.Academic Research International,4(2), 407. Saqib, D., Masnoon, M., Rafique, N. (2013). Impact of foreign direct investment on economic growth of Pakistan. Saqib, D., Masnoon, M., Rafique, N. (2013). Impact of foreign direct investment on economic growth of Pakistan. Shaheen, S., Ali, M. M., Kauser, A., Ahmed, F. B. (2013). Impact of trade liberalization on economic growth in Pakistan.Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary research in business,5(5), 228-240. Tufail, S., Batool, S. (2013). An analysis of the relationship between inflation and gold prices: evidence from Pakistan.The Lahore journal of economics,18(2), 1. Yu, W., Yang, Y. C., Savitsky, A., Brown, C., Alford, D. (2013).The Indus basin of Pakistan: The impacts of climate risks on water and agriculture. World Bank Publications. Zameer, H., Ali, S., Nisar, W., Amir, M. (2014). The impact of the motivation on the employees performance in beverage industry of Pakistan.International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences,4(1), 293-298.

No Child Left Behind The Need to Modify the Law

What dramatic techniques does Shakespeare use in Act Three Scene One of Romeo and Juliet Essays

What dramatic techniques does Shakespeare use in Act Three Scene One of Romeo and Juliet Essays What dramatic techniques does Shakespeare use in Act Three Scene One of Romeo and Juliet Paper What dramatic techniques does Shakespeare use in Act Three Scene One of Romeo and Juliet Paper Throughout the play Shakespeare maintains the interest of his audience through an array of dramatic techniques. Act Three Scene One sees a turning point in the play when what had originally been a comedy orientated genre, which traditionally ended in a marriage (as seen in Act 2 of the play), is replaced with that of a tragic nature.During his time in the play Mercutio maintains a humourous relationship with the audience with Could you not take some occasion without giving? This is an example of bawdy or sexual humour that would have appealed to the Elizabethan working class. Since he has kept comedy appearing in the play his final appearance, which involves his death, is a mixture of comic language and dramatic suffering.Mercutios final speeches reflect a mixture of anger and disbelief that he has been fatally injured as a result of the ancient grudge between the Capulets and the Montagues; he repeatedly curses, A plague on all your houses. Even his character istic wit is embittered as Mercutio treats the subject of his death with humourous wordplay: Ask for me tomorrow and you shall find me a grave man. In the final irony of the scene he never learns the cause of his demise and believes it was because of a fight not love. The significance of curses lies firmly in Elizabethan culture as a dramatic phrase meant to cause harm to an individual. The use of it in this passage powerfully conveys Mercutios chaotic and maddened state of mind at his death.The entrance of Tybalt is also dramatic in that it has been foreshadowed by Benvolio and the Prologue at the beginning of the play: therefore turn and draw. Tybalt is the very essence of violence in the play and the very antithesis of all that Romeo stands for. Earlier in the play Tybalt is angered at the behavior of Romeo at the ball and so this creates situational tension for the audiences who are aware of this fact and so expect conflict to occur later in the play.In Shakespeares time, audien ces would have expected actors in tragedies to speak in verse. The poetic style was thought to be elegant and expressive, particularly useful in tragic themes in scenes of high dramatic or emotional intensity. Higher status characters such as the Prince would have been expected to use this formal style as it carried with itself a great deal of dignity in Elizabethan England as it was most usually associated with the upper classes. Much of Shakespeares verse is written in Sonnet form. Sonnets were at the time very popular and they are used frequently in the play. Although much of it has rhyme there is a great deal of blank unrhymed verse throughout the play in iambic pentameter. The use of different forms of speech in Romeo and Juliet identifies the seriousness of the text with rhymed verse as the most serious and prose rather more casual.Prose, which is blank speech, was traditionally used by lower status or comic characters such as the servants of the families; it is very informal. Notably Shakespeare breaks this rule when he has the character Mercutio, who as a family friend of the Montague house would be considered high status, speak in prose at his death.I am hurt. A plague o both your houses! I am sped. Is he gone, and hath nothing?Tragic death scenes would almost always be spoken in verse; however the use of prose in these lines emphasizes the significance of Mercutios death and adds a sense of urgency and panic to the scene.Within the scene Shakespeare demonstrates the hostility between one character and another by references to rank. When Romeo enters Tybalt addresses him as my man which refers to Romeo as his servant and therefore of lower hierarchy than himself. Family pride was very important to both the play and Elizabethan culture so references to class were an effective insult.What is notable is the manner at which Tybalt addresses Mercutio in this scene. At first he uses addresses like you and gentleman which are associated with formality and cl ass. However once Tybalt has accused Mercutio of consortd with Romeo his attitude towards him quickly turn hostile and he starts to address Mercutio informally and less respectfully with thee and thou. This foreshadows the conflict that will occur later in this scene and sets a feeling of unrest over the drama.Shakespeare uses dramatic irony to create tension in this scene or to draw the attention of the audience. This occurs when a character on stage is ignorant, but the audience watching know his or her eventual fate.At the beginning of this scene Romeo, by contrast to the other characters, is cheerful and contented with having wed Juliet a moment beforehand. Until Mercutios dies Romeo remains emotionally detached from the other characters by thoughts of peace and harmony between the two houses. In response to Tybalts insults Romeo tells him the reason I have to love you, doth much excuse the appertaining rage. Ironically Romeos refusal to fight brings about the very violence he h ad hoped to prevent and Mercutio, fuelled by family pride decides to fight Tybalt instead. Thus Romeos gesture of peace results in Mercutios death and he becomes ensnared in the family conflict once more.This is also known as cosmic or fate irony in which unseen beings are seen to be toying with the minds of the characters with deliberate ironic effect. This is often seen between the contrast of human ideals and reality such as Friar Lawrences choice to bring the two lovers in marriage in hope of turning their households rancour to pure love. By the end of the play this is achieved but at the hands of death not matrimony.The prologue is ironic in that the eventual fates of the characters are told on stage right from the beginning. In the line A pair of star crossed lovers take their lives, Shakespeare informs his audience that the death of the lovers was preordained, the deliberate act of misfortune.Tybalts death brings Romeo a moment of clarity as he realizes he is the helpless vic tim of fate: O, I am fortunes fool! he cries, struck deeply by a sense of frustration and injustice. The speed with which Mercutio and Tybalts death occur, together with Romeos marriage and subsequent banishment, all contribute to a sense of inevitability-that a chain of events have been set in motion over which the protagonist has no control.In conclusion the dramatic intensity of the story heightens with the opening of Act Three as a result of fate and conflict between the rival houses. The violent clash between Tybalt and Romeo escalates the drama around whether or not love will ever be able to exist openly between the two lovers. The prologue sets up a sense of hopelessness by the audience who know how the story will conclude and foreshadows the eventual death of the two lovers a death made more tragic by the grip fate has on the helpless protagonist.

The Great Recession 2008 Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Great Recession 2008 - Term Paper Example According to the research findings the 2007 global financial crisis has had serious impacts on the economies of many countries, resulting to what economists call the Great Recession. The downturn began initially as an isolated problem with the sub-prime sector in the US housing market, mutating to a serious and fatal recession by the beginning of 2008. Consequently, other nations especially in the European Union followed the US into the crisis by mid-2008. In essence, 2009 was the first recorded year in history that the global economy was actually in recession since the Second World War. Interestingly, the recession came as a surprise to many economists, investor, academics, policy-makers, and multilateral agencies. For instance, Organization for Economic Co-operation Development’s Jean-Philippe Cotis was quoted as speculating further growth in the global economy because of the buoyancy of emerging economies and favoring financial conditions. After the economy drove into reces sion, the economics profession was under fire for failure to predict the financial downturn. As a result, there were few intellectual conversations taking place between scholars of like minds. Therefore, the underestimation of the severity of the global downturn was not surprising. Indeed, some leading financial forecasters like World Bank and International Monetary Funds revised their initial to their growth forecasts in 2008 and 2009. Nonetheless, there were warnings from a few economists of a brewing economical disaster. A portion of the economist predicted a looming recession based on economic models where the accumulation of the private sector was the central cause. However, their cries were not significant enough for the majority of the lulled individuals. Despite all these, the warning signs were blinking red: loose monetary policy especially in the US, lax in financial regulation, misperception of risk and search for yield, and huge current deficits in UK, US, and other supe r economies that accumulated huge savings of oil exporters and emerging economies. Events of 2008, with emphasis on the collapse and consequent closure of Lehman Brother, reversed the perceptions of risk-taking banks (Clungston, 2008). However, the complexity and nature mortgage-backed securities left most banks in the dark concerning the exact level of liabilities that was linked to the severing housing sector in the US. Thus, liquidity of most banks dried up, literary bringing the global financial system to a halt. Some critiques were quick to question the survival of the American-style capitalism. Governments in developing and advanced countries were quick to react aggressively, injecting obscene credit amounts into their financial markets, reducing interest rates, nationalizing banks, and unveiling stimulus packages to increase discretionary spending. Most policymakers were determined to avoid mistakes from previous crises, and their response was important avoiding disastrous de pression in most countries,